Mark Twain’S Novel, The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn,

Mark Twain’s novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is a pivotal piece to American literature that furthers realism and the exploration of the countryside. The novel follows fourteen-year-old Huck on his journey down the Mississippi River accompanied by Jim, a runaway slave. Huck and Jim’s journey down the Mississippi River allows the readers a very personal look into Huck’s life as he matures and begins to think for himself, rather than complying with what society has told him is correct; it is Huck’s journey to find his own morals and ideas through his experiences that really make this book a lasting piece of American fiction. A major aspect of Huck’s journey to find himself is the fact that he must get away from his father to do†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"’I—I run off.’† (156). At this point in the novel, Huck is faced with his first, big moral dilemma. During the time that the book takes place, slavery i s legal and anyone who helped a slave would be jailed. Huck, at fourteen, had to decide if he wanted to follow what the law and society would consider right by turning Jim in to Miss Watson, or what he felt was right. Jim pleads, â€Å"‘But mind, you said you wouldn’t tell—you know you said you wouldn’t tell, Huck.’ ‘Well, I did. I said I wouldn’t and I’ll stick to it. Honest injun I will. People would call me a low down Ablitionist and despise me for keeping mum—but that don’t make no difference. I ain’t agoing to tell, and I agoing back there anyways,’† (157). Huck’s actions in this scene set up the relationship with Jim that will develop throughout the remainder of the novel. Jim has already placed a large amount of trust in Huck because he does not report back to Miss Watson that her slave has run away as well as helping him move north. Huck’s trust and reliance on Jim is still minimal at this point, but will continue to grow as the two continue their trek down the Mississippi. While on the raft, Huck, in the canoe, and Jim, on the raft, lose each other due to a large amount of dense fog covering the river. Huck says, â€Å"I see the fog closing down, and it made me so sick and scared I couldn’t budge for most a half a minuteShow MoreRelatedDynamic Character in a Stagnant Time in Mark Twain’s classic Novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn594 Words   |  2 PagesMark Twain’s classic novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn took place during a tense period in U.S. history. Heated debate over the mora lity of slavery had sparked and deep divisions were emerging between the northern and southern states. Born in Missouri, a slave state, the novel’s protagonist Huckleberry Finn was raised on values of racism and prejudice. He adhered to these principles as they were all he knew. However, over the course of his journey, Huck’s formerly provincial morality was challengedRead MoreMark Twain and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1575 Words   |  6 Pages Mark Twain and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Controversy Mark Twain, born Samuel Langhorne Clemens, is a highly recognizable figure in American literature. Born in Florida, Missouri Mark Twain and his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri where Twain discovered and fell in love with the mighty Mississippi River. The river and his life in Hannibal became his inspiration and guiding light in most of his writing. Although Twain loved the river and did a great deal of traveling, he eventuallyRead MoreHuckleberry Finn Persuasive Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pagesthe right word is really a large matter- ‘tis the difference between the lightning bug and lightning.†(Mark Twain). Mark Twain, the author of an extraordinary yet controversial novel; The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn had a great way of capturing moments in time and bringing them to life through the use of meaningful and direct diction. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been a vexed novel for it s a use of the â€Å"N-word†. However, many scholars and associations have devised a â€Å"solution† forRead More The Importance of Friendship in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn829 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Friendship in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Aristotle was once asked what he thought friendship was. His response was, One soul inhabiting two bodies. This was the kind of relationship that Huckleberry Finn and Jim shared in Mark Twains epic novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. This novel is a tool that Mark Twain, whose real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemmons, was using to impress the great benefits of friendship upon society. However, others feelRead MoreMark Twain : Seeing America s Flaws1593 Words   |  7 PagesMark Twain: Seeing America’s Flaws â€Å"You don’t know about me, without you have read a book by the name of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer , but that ain’t no matter. That book was made by Mr. Mark Twain and he told the truth, mainly. There was things he stretched, but mainly he told the truth† (qtd. in Jones 237). That was the very first line in Mark Twain’s controversial book, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Samuel L. Clemens, as a young boy, grew up on the Mississippi and learned the ways of southernRead MoreMark Twain s The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn2015 Words   |  9 Pagesfamous author Mark Twain, less commonly known as Samuel Clemens, produced The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. A few years prior to the publishing of The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain released possibly his most famous book, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, which is very much an adventure novel. In the early chapters of Twain’s sequel, it appears that ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬ The Adventures of Huckle berry Finn is another adventure novel, and that it is just following a different character from Twain’s earlier worldRead MoreHuckleberry Finn and the use of Satire Essay1109 Words   |  5 Pages Huck Finn and the use of Satire Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been controversial ever since its release in 1884. It has been called everything from the root of modern American literature to a piece of racist trash. Many scholars have argued about Huck Finn being prejudiced. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain uses satire to mock many different aspects of the modern world. Despite the fact that many critics have accused Mark Twain’s novel of promoting racismRead More The Public Reception of Mark Twains Adventures of Huckleberry Finn963 Words   |  4 PagesReception of Mark Twains Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Upon its publication in 1884, Mark Twains Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was met with mixed reviews. Some reviewers called it flat, trashy, and irreverent. Others called it Twains best work yet, hailing his humor and style throughout the novel. Though obscure at first, reviews began to appear in many newspapers throughout the country as more and more became interested in the novel as a result of these reviews. Huckleberry Finn was publishedRead MoreCommentary on Mark Twain ´s Huckleberry Finn742 Words   |  3 Pagesbook by Mark Twain; Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.† Mark Twain’s historical fiction, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is about a boy, Huckleberry, and a runaway slave, Jim. Huck decides to fake his death and runaway. Eventually, Jim and Huck run into each other and together they travel down the Mississippi River. They encounter many obstacles in their way, but overcome anything that comes their way. Although this book has been rejected by many schools, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is essentialRead MoreRacism of Yesterday and Today Essay1655 Words   |  7 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was written by Mark Twain in the middle of the nineteenth century. Much of the inspiration for the book came from Mark Twain’s own encounters. Twain’s experiences as a steamboat pilot from 1835 to 1845 provided a great deal of the historical context for his work. The novel revolves around a southern boy, Huck, and a slave named Jim who both reject society by running away in hopes of finding freedom. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn highlights and portrays the

Corporate Social Responsibilities of Maruti Suzuki in Terms of Employment Free Essays

MUMBAI: Maruti Suzuki India, the country’s largest carmaker, is extending some of its corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities to associates on the shop-floor in a bid to make it more inclusive and increase their identification with the company. So far, these programmes were only for managers and engineers. As part of the initiative called e-parivartan, the company helps employees contribute to various social causes. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate Social Responsibilities of Maruti Suzuki in Terms of Employment or any similar topic only for you Order Now The initiative is run in partnership with local voluntary organisations. Ads by Google LIC Life Insurance PlansInvest Rs. 543/Month Get Rs. Cr. Life Cover+Medical Benefit. Buy Now LIC. TermInsuranceIndia. co. in Reliance Job Openings2500+ New Jobs For Exp: 5-15 Years. Upload Resume. Apply to Reliance Now TimesJobs. com/Reliance-Openings The company’s CSR department facilitates volunteering activity as a link between employees and the community. â€Å"Encouraged by their enthusiasm for social work, we would like to take the employee volunteering programme to the shop floor,† says SY Siddiqui, chief operating officer in charge of administration (HR, finance, IT and COSL) at Maruti Suzuki India. Some of the focus areas for next year include counselling Class 10 and 12 students at local government schools for higher studies and vocational courses, and support to the environment. â€Å"This community interaction gives extreme satisfaction to the employees. With such associations, their involvement and liking for the company also goes up,† says Siddiqui. The e-parivartan programme was started about four years ago when a group of young employees, in a communication meeting, expressed their desire to meaningfully associate with a social cause. Starting with 40 employees in 2008-09, the programme now involves about 2,200 staffers. From this year, the company has made volunteering an integral part of new employees’ induction programme. For instance, new employees like graduate engineer trainees (GET) undergo a full day of community service. This year, a group of GETs participated in an anti-malaria and dengue campaign in Gurgaon that was organised by Maruti in partnership with the government health department. Such exposure helps us shape them as rounded professionals so they are able to contribute not just to the company but also to society,† says a company spokesperson. Underlining the fact that a renewed focus on employee involvement and engagement is very critical for the company, Siddiqui says: â€Å"HR should be able to support all, blue-collared or white-collared. Maruti is refocusing on building bridges between the whiteand blue-collared. † E-parivartan has so far shown tremendous results with whi te- collared employees, How to cite Corporate Social Responsibilities of Maruti Suzuki in Terms of Employment, Papers

Everyday Use Analysis Essay Example For Students

Everyday Use Analysis Essay Ellen Johnson Mr. Roberts AP English 4 13 Apr 2010 Dee: the Sister Who Lost Her Identity Alice Walkers Everyday Use is a short story about the clash between a mother and daughter. Dee is the child returning home to visit. The visit is not exactly pleasant and ends after a stand-off between her and Mama. Many readers see Mama as finally standing up for her own ideals while also refusing to conform to the rules Dee wishes her to follow. Dee follows different rules of society and religion than her mother does in order to become her own person. The rules Dee follows are shallow compared to the old-fashioned ways of her mother. In Everyday Use, Walker tells a story of a child who believes her mothers views to be old-fashioned and considers herself to be more in touch with her culture. Author Flannery OConnor has written numerous short stories containing issues similar to these issues: This plot line and character type can be found in a number of OConnor short stories, for example, Good Country People, Everything That Rises Must Converge, and The Enduring Chill. OConnor ends these stories with an epiphanic awareness on the part of the arrogant intellectual of his or her true fragility, thereby providing, too, a more positive view of the parent (in comparison to her child). (Bauer) Bauer points out that Dee too is an arrogant intellectual and has chosen to follow faulty values that only allow her to make poor choices. OConnors arrogant intellectuals are similar to Dee, and OConnors positively viewed parents are likened to Mama (Bauer). To continue this relationship, both OConnor and Walker provide their readers with accounts of characters facing complex situations, as well as an insight to typical Southern lifestyles, while finalizing their pieces with the parents in a positive light and the child seen as misguided (Bauer). Dee wishes to promote her heritage proudly to the point of bragging. Instead of using the quilt to keep warm or for everyday use, she wants to hang it up on a wall as if it were in a showcase in a museum. Dee says: Maggie cant appreciate these quilts! (Walker 94). Finally, Dees mother asks her Well†¦ hat would you do with them? and Dee replies promptly Hang them†¦s if that was the only thing you could do with quilts (Walker 94). Walker uses these quotes to reinforce the idea that Dee believes it is more acceptable, and therefore better, to view your heritage at a distance. View it as a fragile artifact that is part of a museum collection, an artifact that shows how far you have come f rom where you started, rather than to embrace it and allow it to become part of yourself. Dee refuses to see herself as a part of the life she had once lived. She has become her own person. She has lost a true understanding of her heritage. She refuses to see herself as a part of her former life except in a fashionable sense. This explains the reason she chooses to return home. She returns home not to catch up with her mother, but to take things from her past and fashion them for her own uses. When she takes photographs, she makes sure to get the house in the picture and even a cow from the pasture (Walker 92). This is all done to prove to others that her background really was humble. This will be something she will want to show off to her friends. Dee wants the butter churn as another artifact to brag about. She thinks the lid to the butter churn will be a fabulous center piece for their dining room table (Walker 93). She could tell her friends how the artifact dates back to her great-grandmothers time (Walker 93). Although Dee wishes to appear knowledgeable about her background, it is clear that she is not. .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 , .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 .postImageUrl , .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 , .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253:hover , .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253:visited , .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253:active { border:0!important; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253:active , .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253 .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4d1e072172a145575fe727d58b3c0253:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Citizenship, A Right And A Responsibility. EssaySusan Farell takes notice of Dees false or shallow understanding of the past and states that Walker exposes this when Dee mentions to Mama that she wants the dasher to the butter churn. Dees lack of knowledge is revealed when Hakim-a-barber asks if Uncle Buddy whittle that too, but Dee is clueless and must look to her mother for an answer (Farell). It is fashionable for Dee to claim her family used to use a churn to make butter and still better to have the relic to prove her humble roots. To prove further the point that Dee only embraces her past for the stylish ense, Walker describes how Dee wanted nice things. A yellow orga ndy dress to wear to her graduation from high school; black pumps to match a green suit shed made†¦she had a style of her own and she knew what style was (90). Her mother is not pretentious and follows a more traditional set of rules and wears clothes more sensible for living in a farmhouse. Mama thinks to herself, n the winter I wear flannel nightgowns to bed and overalls during the day (Walker 90). Yet Dees style changes with the changing times and she has just adopted the current fashion. Houston Baker writes, ssured by the makers of American fashion that black is currently beautiful, she has conformed her own style to that notion. So when she goes to visit her mother, the first thing Mama notices about Dees appearance is her newly adopted African style: A dress to the ground in this hot weather. A dress so loud it hurts my eyes. There are yellows and oranges enough to throw back the light of the sun. I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out. Earrings gold, too, and hanging down to her shoulders. Bracelets dangling and making noises when she moves her arm up to shake the folds of the dress out of her armpits. (Walker 91) Here she is showing off her style yet again, though now the style is closer to what may have been more traditionally African. In the story Dee practically begs her mother to let her have these quilts she wants. She wants these quilts so badly because they are stitched from old pieces of clothing, and there is even a small piece from Great Grandpa Ezras uniform that he wore in the Civil War (Walker 93). Dee sees this information as beneficial to her image of coming from a poor oppressed black family and probably imagines herself sharing the story with friends when she is asked about the quilts. Farell states that Walker exposes Dees superficiality and Mamas self-determination when Mama informs Dee that she was going to give the quilts to her Maggie. Dee is shocked and begins yelling at Mama (Walker 94). She attacks her mothers idea of giving them to her younger sister by exclaiming: ut theyre priceless†¦Maggie would put them on the bed and in five years theyd be in rags (Walker 94). This is an ironic contrast to what she told her mother previously when Dee was offered the quilts. I didn’t want to bring up how I had offered Dee (Wangero) a quilt when she went away to college. Then she had told me they were old fashioned, out of style (Walker 94). Walker put these phrases next to each other in the story to demonstrate Dees faux respect for her heritage and also to highlight her true intentions of using the quilts as a fashion statement. Dee is also trying to be more authentically black by dating a black Muslim. This is the man that Mama meets and calls Asalamalakim, otherwise known as Hakim-a-barber (Walker 92). However, it is clear that he, just like Dee, only follows the rules that he wants to follow. He is not truly embracing the Muslim heritage because he is picking and choosing the parts of the religion that he wants to follow. He doesn’t raise cattle, a common custom of Muslims, but he does follow the custom of not eating pork. Hakim-a-barber states, I accept some of their doctrines, but farming and raising cattle is not my style (Walker 93). .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e , .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e .postImageUrl , .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e , .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e:hover , .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e:visited , .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e:active { border:0!important; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e:active , .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u13d3ed834069d2f9f95ba1e16e074e3e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: In all history, no nation of mere agriculturists EssayAlthough he shuns the tradition of cattle raising, he does, however, follow the Muslim rule of not eating pork (Walker 93). While Dee tries to surround herself by people whom she thinks appear more authentic, she is also trying to make herself seem more authentic in any way possible; this is why she changes her name to Wangero Leewanika Kemanjo (Walker 92). However, this only separates her more from her heritage. Sam Whitsitt claims that the name Wangero was an African name Dee picked out. Dee only picked out this African name so that she would seem more authentic, but Margaret Bauer suggests that the name Dee is, in actuality, the more authentic name because it has been in their family since the time of the Civil War. Throughout the whole story Dee insists on acting as if she truly understands and appreciates her background. However, by the end of the story, she has only proved herself to be a phony who is desperate to have family heirlooms that she cannot truly appreciate, and unscrupulous in her battle for them. Works Cited Baker Jr. , Houston A. ; Pierce-Baker, Charlotte. (1990). Short Story Criticism. Vol. 5. Chicago: Gale Research Inc. , 1990. Bauer, Margaret D. Alice Walker: Another Southern Writer Criticizing Codes Not Put to Everyday Use. EBSCOhost. Vol. 29:2. March 1992. Farell, Susan. Fight Vs. Flight: A Re-evaluation of Dee in Alice Walkers Everyday Use. EBSCOhost. Vol. 35:2. March 1998. Walker, Alice. Everyday Use. Literature: An Introduction to Reading and Writing. 6th ed. Eds. Edgar V. Roberts and Henry E. Jacobs. Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall, 2001. 89-95. Whitsitt, Sam. In Spite of it All: Reading of Alice Walkers Everyday Use. EBSCOhost. Vol. 34:3. Sept. 2000.

The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost , Poetry Expli Essay Example For Students

The Road Not Taken? by Robert Frost , Poetry Expli Essay cation The poem The Road Not Taken by Robert Frost addresses the idea of decision-making and choosing what direction life will take you. The poem is about the speaker arriving at a fork in the road, where both paths are carpeted with leaves. The persona, who is believed to be Frost himself, chooses to take the road less traveled by. He tells himself that he will take the other road another day, although he knows it is unlikely that he will have the opportunity to do so. The poem concludes with the speaker satisfied by his choice in taking the road less traveled by. We will write a custom essay on The Road Not Taken? by Robert Frost , Poetry Expli specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The poem consists of four stanzas, each containing five lines. The rhyme rigid scheme is ABAAB. Then, in the last line the rhyme is broken with the word difference making the ending stand out from the rest of the poem. Each line contains four stressed syllables. Frost uses a metaphor comparing the road to life, and the fork to making decisions. The first stanza conveys a mood of change and introduces the idea of a life altering decision, which is the basis for the poem. First Frost sets the scene with his opening words, Two roads diverged (line 1). The speaker is standing at a junction in the road pondering two choices. The roads in the poem are merged where the speaker is standing but lead in two different directions signifying two different paths in life. Frost begins with the metaphorical meaning as early as the first line with his reference to yellow wood (line 1). This suggests that the setting is in the forest during Fall, which is the season of change. The second line, sorry I could not have traveled both (line 2) expresses the curiosity to explore several possibilities in life. It also forms a sense of regret at not knowing what could lie ahead on the un-chosen path and the speakers limitation to one lifetime. When Frost says, And be one traveler (line 3) it is obvious that speaker can not travel down both paths. He realizes that he needs to make a choice and pick one path over the other. The speakers procrastination and the difficulty in predicting the outcome of the decision he needs to make is shown when he, stood And looked down one as far as I could (line3-4). Both roads lead to the unknown, To where it bent in the undergrowth (line 5), as do many choices in life. This is a metaphor to our inability to predict the future, and the fact that regardless what road is chosen it will not be free of obstacles. In the second stanza the persona continues to examine both paths and ponder which road to take. In line six Frost uses the phrase, just as fair (line 6), to imply that his decision needs careful consideration because once it is made, there is no turning back. Once again, Frost points to uncertainty in the future by using the word perhaps in line seven. The speaker is judging the road from where he is standing. Frost then goes on to describe the path as grassy and wanted wear (line 8). From this line, the reader gets the impression that the persona took the road less traveled by to break away from the influence and control of society. But by making the metaphor a road Frost makes it clear that few have chosen to take the harder route through life because it is less trodden upon. Although the roads have little difference in appearance since they are worn about the same (line 10), they both lead to undeterminable futures. By the end of the second stanza, the speaker still has not made a choice about which path to take. The third stanza makes it clear that every time a choice presents itself there is a new journey or path to be traveled. This is shown in lines eleven and twelve when Frost says, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black (line 11-12). Then, with the use of, Oh, I kept the first for another day! (line 13), the speaker repeats his hesitation and .

The Digital Dilema †Adapting to Technology

The Digital Dilema – Adapting to Technology Free Online Research Papers The contemporary person uses technology throughout their daily routines and it should be noted that without this technology the world would not be able to survive. New types of media have enabled us to become connected easier and in combination with other technologies, making it easier to complete everyday tasks. The convergence of different technologies has been present throughout history but has just recently been speeding up and reshaping â€Å"the landscape of the mass media†. (Hurst Harrison, 2007, p. 188) Despite this we encounter digital dilemmas and problems such as the age gap between generations and the need to adapt to the new technology used. If we think dialectically we can understand the processes of historical development in relation to the new media and the technologies (Hurst Harrison, 2007, p. 16). By doing this we can explain the relevance and use of memes that can be transferred through different ideologies that different societies hold. The idea of ‘political economy’ shows how the media does not just contain the content or the way we view it, but who owns and dictates what we watch. Political economy can explain how the media is a multinational Industry rather than just a source of information and entertainment. The way in which technology develops, is a product of the need for society to improve on current systems. This links back with convergence which creates a dialectical change creating new technologies. (Hurst Harrison, 2007, p. 75) Each of these ideas combine to show what makes new media and the use of further elaboration will help to prove this. One of the most common digital dilemmas that individuals experience is the inability to use new and emerging technologies. The internet age gap has proven a problem for most families including mine, where the parents are unable to cope with the emerging problems related to the internet such as pornography and sexual predators. â€Å"A lot of parents feel helpless about what to do, so that makes it hard to acknowledge a problem for their own child† (Ohler, 2007) and this is related to â€Å"the enormous Internet â€Å"technology gap† between parents and their children†. (Ohler, 2007) The problem is that the parents do not understand how to use the internet or how it can contain such harmful devices. Until now, parents have not known or understood these underlying problems, until now where they are starting to emerge thanks to groups such as ‘the internet and your child’ (Child, 2005) whose aim is to educate parents of these dangers. With this comes th e dialectic dilemma where we see our security and our own children’s’ wellbeing compromised. The internet has brought us many amazing things; education, connectivity, ease of access to information and with that it has brought; pornography, illegal music, sexual predators that pray on children. The internet has been part of a memetic structure in which we have changed from different technologies over time. One part of the internet; news coverage has continued from other sources such as newspapers, magazines and the daily news on the television. From the period when people had to read the papers to see what was happening around the world, we can now use the internet, this is a meme that will continue to develop through time. When discussing the topic of political economy in the mass media it should be noted that the mass media is not just a source of entertainment but also a multinational Industry. An example of how corporations and large conglomerates generate large amounts of revenue through the media is ‘Time Warner’ an American company that generated $29.3 billion in the year of 2004. (Croteau Hoynes, 2005, p. 75) In order for these companies to achieve these results, they must employ specialist tactics such as collaborative audience research. Where they send research representatives to survey consumers in order to find out what the people want to see and who wants to see it, changing their stations or form of media to suit the audience. This then moves into the next point of how the mass media corporations are able to control what we see and what we don’t see. Simple ideologies are also implemented through the information produced; memes such as the development of reality televi sion shows, we all know what ‘idol’ is when someone mentions it, of course referring to Australian/American idol a nationwide singing competition. It can be seen that the mass media can create a sense of hegemony by using â€Å"subversive memes of ideology† (Hurst Harrison, 2007, p. 52) and developing distances between certain groups or class structures. Technology is â€Å"An object, or system of connected objects that can be used in a productive process to provide a practical solution to a problem†. (Hurst Harrison, 2007, p. 58) This is the basic definition of what technology is, an object or system that has been created for a purpose of solving a problem. Technology is not just for creating solutions to problems, but to maybe further advance the way that we communicate, receive information and learn new things. Technology is created and reinvented over and over; changing constantly to advance in the amount of knowledge and skills we have as a society. From that we know that, advancements in technology and the creation of new technology is a result of â€Å"people socially interacting with new ideas and technologies – not the technologies, that has been decisive in forcing the pace of change†. (p. 58) The ability to listen to music has evolved significantly in the last century, but taken substantial steps in t he last decade with the creation of digital media. Moving from the Phonograph to the iPod is a great advancement in technology using this as an example we can see how music has become more portable and easier to access. The iPod and other devices are becoming part of a large convergence where all digital media is being turned into one machine improving efficiency. â€Å"‘New’ technologies are not new; technological development and technological change have been part of the human experience since the beginning†. (Hurst Harrison, 2007, p. 75) Over time we have frequently developed our technologies and media, constantly reinventing them. Digital dilemmas will always exist when creating new technologies, but will be overcome when solutions are found in new technology. We can see that â€Å"the positive and negative aspects of technology are dialectically aligned and can be found in nearly all digital commodities†. The new media is a constant evolution of ideas and technologies that will keep improving over time. References child, T. i. (2005). The internet and your child. Retrieved August 19, 2007, from theinternetandyourchild.org/ Croteau, D., Hoynes, W. (2005). The new media giants. In W. H. David Croteau, The Business of Media: Corporate Media and the Public Interest (p. 75). Pine Forge Press. Hurst, M., Harrison, J. (2007). Communication and the new media. New York: Oxford University Press. Ohler, S. (2007). The internet age gap. Retrieved August 19, 2007, from Canada: canada.com/topics/technology/story.html?id=ed4a8b9f-2a4e-41c5-bc7b-05fec06ff77e Research Papers on The Digital Dilema - Adapting to TechnologyRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Project Managment Office SystemEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UsePETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationOpen Architechture a white paperMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductHip-Hop is ArtBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self

Biography of Alice Paul, Womens Suffrage Activist

Biography of Alice Paul, Women's Suffrage Activist Alice Paul (January 11, 1885–July 9, 1977) was a leading figure responsible for the final push and success in winning passage of the 19th Amendment (womens suffrage) to the U.S. Constitution. She is identified with the more radical wing of the womens suffrage movement that later developed. Fast Facts: Alice Paul Known For: Alice Paul was one of the leaders of the womens suffrage movement and continued to work for womens rights throughout the first half of the 20th centuryBorn: January 11, 1885 in Mount Laurel, New JerseyParents: Tacie Parry and William PaulDied: July 9, 1977 in Moorestown, New JerseyEducation: Bachelors Degree from Swarthmore University; Masters Degree from Columbia University; Ph.D.  from the University of Pennsylvania; Law Degree from American UniversityPublished Works: Equal Rights AmendmentAwards and Honors:  Posthumously inducted into the National Womens Hall of Fame in and the New Jersey Hall of Fame; had stamps and coins created in her imageNotable Quote: There will never be a new world order until women are a part of it. Early Life Alice Paul was born in Moorestown, New Jersey, in 1885. Her parents raised her and her three younger siblings as Quakers. Her father, William M. Paul, was a successful businessman, and her mother, Tacie Parry Paul, was active in the Quaker (Society of Friends) movement.  Tacie Paul was a descendant of William Penn and William Paul was a descendant of the Winthrop family, both early leaders in Massachusetts.  William Paul died when Alice was 16 years old, and a more conservative male relative, asserting leadership in the family, caused some tensions with the familys more liberal and tolerant ideas. Alice Paul  attended Swarthmore College, the same institution her mother had attended as one of the first women educated there.  She majored in biology at first but developed an interest in social sciences.  Paul then went to work at the New York College Settlement, while attending the New York School of Social Work for a year after graduating from Swarthmore in 1905.   Alice Paul left for England in 1906 to work in the settlement house movement for three years. She studied first at a Quaker school and then at the University of Birmingham. While in England, Paul was exposed to the suffragist movement in progress, which had a profound impact on her direction in life. She  returned to America to get her Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania (1912).  Her dissertation was on womens legal status. Alice Paul and the National Womans Party In England, Alice Paul had taken part in more radical protests for womens suffrage, including participating in the hunger strikes. She worked with the Womens Social and Political Union. She brought back this sense of militancy, and back in the U.S. she organized protests and rallies and was imprisoned three times. Alice Paul joined and became chair of a major committee (congressional) of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) within a year, in her mid-20s. A year later in 1913, however, Alice Paul and others withdrew from the NAWSA to form the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage. Paul and her supporters believed that the NAWSA was too conservative and that a more radical approach was needed to push forward the agenda of womens suffrage. Pauls new organization evolved into the National Womans Party (NWP), and Alice Pauls leadership was key to this organizations founding and future. Alice Paul and the National Womans Party emphasized working for a federal constitutional amendment for suffrage. Their position was at odds with the position of the NAWSA, headed by Carrie Chapman Catt, which was to work state-by-state as well as at the federal level. Despite the often intense acrimony between the National Womans Party and the National American Woman Suffrage Association, the two groups tactics complemented each other.  NAWSAs taking more deliberate action to win suffrage in elections meant that more politicians at the federal level had a stake in keeping women voters happy. The NWPs militant stance kept the issue of womens suffrage at the forefront of the political world. Winning Womens Suffrage Alice Paul, as the leader of the NWP, took her cause to the streets. Following the same approach as her English compatriots, she put together pickets, parades, and marches, including a very large event in Washington, DC, on March 3, 1913. Eight thousand women marched down Pennsylvania Avenue with banners and floats, cheered and jeered by tens of thousands of onlookers. Just two weeks later, Pauls group met with newly-elected President Woodrow Wilson, who told them that their time had not yet come. In response, the group embarked on an 18-month period of picketing, lobbying, and demonstrations. More than 1,000 women stood at the gates of the White House each day, displaying signs as the silent sentinels. The result was that many of the picketers were arrested and jailed for months. Paul arranged a hunger strike, which led to intense publicity for her cause. In 1928, Woodrow Wilson succumbed and announced his support for womens votes. Two years later, womens suffrage was the law. Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) After the 1920 victory for the federal amendment, Paul became involved in the struggle to introduce and pass an Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). The Equal Rights Amendment was finally passed by Congress in 1970 and sent to the states to ratify. However, the number of states necessary never ratified  the ERA within the specified time limit, and the amendment failed. Paul continued her work into her later years, earning a law degree in 1922 at Washington College, and then going on to earn a Ph.D. in law at American University. Death Alice Paul died in 1977 in New Jersey, after the heated battle for the Equal Rights Amendment brought her once more to the forefront of the American political scene. Legacy Alice Paul was one of the primary forces behind the passage of the 19th Amendment, a major and lasting achievement. Her influence continues today through the Alice Paul Institute, which states on its website: The Alice Paul Institute educates the public about the life and work of Alice Stokes Paul (1885-1977), and offers heritage and girls’ leadership development programs at Paulsdale, her home and a National Historic Landmark. Alice Paul led the final fight to get women the vote and wrote the Equal Rights Amendment. We honor her legacy as a role model of leadership in the continuing quest for equality. Sources Alicepaul.org, Alice Paul Institute. Butler, Amy E. Two Paths to Equality: Alice Paul and Ethel M. Smith in the ERA Debate, 1921-1929. State University of New York Press, 2002. Lunardini, Christine A. From Equal Suffrage to Equal Rights: Alice Paul and the National Womans Party, 1910-1928. American Social Experience, iUniverse, April 1, 2000.

Poverty and Child Abuse Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Poverty and Child Abuse - Term Paper Example The poverty problem is a dilemma which gives rise to child sexual abuse since the families are not concerned about child protection. The way children are maltreated, misuse, and neglect have many times escorted them to the vulnerability of child abuse. However in the United States, child abuse is not a new issue, since children have been the subject of various types of abuse for decades, therefore concern for abused children now demands action from private citizens as well as the government. Despite the existence and active participation of child welfare programs, child abuse is a common problem confronted by the United States. One reason for the widespread of this quandary is the fact that economic resources and political structure varies according to the social determinants for people who live in urban and rural regions (Kenney et al, 2001, p. xv). Child abuse some decades ago was seen as a problem of physical battering and the deliberate intention to harm the child, mainly by parents. It was in the 1970s that the meaning of the term child abuse expanded to include not only physical harm of the child, but also sexual or emotional maltreatment by parents or caretakers since abuse does not have to be deliberate infliction, but can also take the form of omission to act resulting in neglect of the child's needs. The main concern pertains to what our communities consider as child abuse, for example in many community cases in the professional consensus in the United States it was a concern as to what constitutes abuse or neglect of a child. When analyzed on the basis of community research it was found that all agreed to consider a child with fractured bones from repeated beatings as 'abused', while a child who is not given the minimum amount of food, clothing, or attention necessary for survival or a young child left unfed in a room as neglected. There were various class perspectives on maltreatment which exist between the extreme cases of child abuse and neglect, however there is a wide range of situations on which there is often disagreement about what constitutes emotional or physical abuse. These vary according to class as poor class more moderately defines what is entailed in sexual or physical abuse. Child abuse possesses three main types and has been so deeply embedded in our society that most of us are not even aware of how it disrupts our social determinants of living standards. Traditional child rearing practices and inappropriate child maltreatment with lack of monetary, organizational and informational resources addresses the problem with greater cause. Verbal Child abuse Based on cruelty or unjustified punishment, verbal abuse entails direct enforcement of exposure to punishment or permitting of a child to suffer resulting in an unjustifiable physical pain or mental suffering. Often called as emotional or psychological child abuse is the most common found in almost every class. Families usually neglect such mental or emotional suffering of their children and do not intend to report or view it as a serious issue, verbal abuse is not considered to be reported, but may be reported. Many families consider it

Globalization. Its Positive And Negative Effects Essay

Globalization. Its Positive And Negative Effects - Essay Example It is not possible to define Globalization in terms of integration or internationalization as has been suggested by some theorists. Globalization describes the interplay within cultures of macro-social forces (Basu 2008, p.29). Such forces include politics, economics, and religion. Discussion Globalization can universalize and erode a local group’s characteristics. It has significant social, business and economic implications. Major factors in globalization are Advances in telecommunications infrastructure and transportation including the emergence of the Internet. They generate further interdependence of cultural and economic activities. Since the mid 1980s use of the word globalization has been on the rise; further, environmental challenges like cross-boundary air and water pollution, over-fishing of the ocean and climate change are associated with globalization (Zurich, Cairns and Ramaphosa 2000, p.219). Globalizing processes are affected by the natural environment, work an d business organization, socio-cultural resources, and economics. Globalization is a process that leads to some substantial changes for businesses and markets to address the expansion of trade in services and goods between countries, increased labor migration levels, internationalization of services and products and development of global brands. Globalization also leads to increased labor migration levels, changes in consumption and production such as the expansion of off shoring and outsourcing of support and production services. It also leads to the entry of nations into the worldwide trading system including former nations of the Soviet bloc and China. A major outcome of globalization is the growing inter-dependence of economies. For instance, most countries in the world depend on each other for macroeconomic health, and economies of newly industrializing countries are growing faster than rich developed nations and they are winning an increasing share of world trade (Stiglitz 200 3, p.39). In 2000, the IMF; International Monetary Fund named four primary aspects of globalization; investment and capital movements, transactions and trade, dissemination of knowledge and movement and migration of persons. With regard to transactions and trade, developing nations increased their share of global trade, from 1971’s 19 % to 1999’s 29 %. Nevertheless, there is massive variation among key regions. For example, the NIEs; newly industrialized economies of Asia succeeded, but African nations as a whole did not prosper. The makeup of a nation’s exports is a vital indicator for success. Manufactured products exports soared, dominated by NIEs and developed countries. Commodity exports, such as raw materials and food were commonly produced by developing nations. As a result of this, investment and capital flow can be identified as another primary feature of globalization. The movement of Private capital to developing nations soared in the 1990s, replacing development or "aid" assistance which dropped substantially after the early 1980s. FDI; Foreign Direct Investment became the most vital category. Bank credit and portfolio investment increased although they have remained volatile, falling steeply in the wake of late 1990s financial crisis (Basu 2008, p.30). The movement and migration of individuals can also be identified as an important aspect of the process of globalization. Between 1965 and 1990, the migration of labor forces approximately doubled. A lot of migration occurred between LDCs; Least Developed Countries and

Economics Commentary- Prices of onions jumped yesterday, buoyed by a ban by India on the export of the item Essay Example for Free

Economics Commentary- Prices of onions jumped yesterday, buoyed by a ban by India on the export of the item Essay Prices of onions jumped yesterday, buoyed by a ban by India on the export of the item, traders said. The price of onions rose to Tk 36-45 a kilogram yesterday from Tk 32-42 on Thursday in markets in Dhaka, according to Trading Corporation of Bangladesh. The wholesale prices of onions also rose. â€Å"There is a lack in the supply of onions in the market. Those who are still hoarding stocks are reluctant to sell as well,† said Idris Ahmed, owner of a wholesale store, Dhaka Baniyalaya at Shyambazar. He said onions were selling at Tk 35-36 a kilogram at the wholesale market of Shyambazar yesterday. Prices went up since Friday afternoon, after news of the ban by India, said Ahmed. The prices of locally produced onions also rose, influenced by the move by India, he added. This is the second time in less than a year that India restricted onion exports to curb the hike in prices, according to Indian news reports. On September 8, an Indian ministerial panel banned onion exports following a steep rise in prices, reports Reuters, quoting Food Minister KV Thomas. The restriction came in effect on Friday. â€Å"We will review the ban every fortnight, said Thomas. Bangladesh meets much of its local demand for onions by importing it from the neighbouring country. Since Saturday, 80 onion-laden trucks entered Bangladesh till yesterday afternoon, our Chapainawabganj correspondent reports. No shipment took place at the Bhomra Land Port yesterday. The trucks carrying onions that came to the Ghojadanga Land Port on the Indian side returned without shipment, our Sathkhira correspondent reports. Babul Hasnat Durul, an onion importer at Sona Masjid, said their suppliers are not shipping onions against the previously placed orders by Bangladeshi importers. â€Å"We are worried. If onions are not exported against the already opened letters of credit (LCs), we will incur losses,† said Durul. The LCs came to a halt following the ban on exports, said Islam of the C F Agents Association. The disruption in supply from India led to the hike in the prices of locally produced onions, said Mohammad Aminul Islam, an onion wholesaler at Karwan Bazar. He bought a 40 kilogram bag of onions from Pabna on Saturday at Tk 1,450, he said. Prices for the same stood at Tk 1,300-1,350 last week, he added. This article talks about the rise in onion prices that has happened in Bangladesh due to a shortage of onion. The shortage is due to the restriction on onion exports imposed by the Indian government. This has resulted in a decrease in supply (the amount of a commodity that sellers are willing and able to sell at different prices) resulting in price rise. Price of onion in the market is determined by the demand (the amount of a commodity that consumers are willing and able to buy at different prices) for and the supply of onions. Initially the market was equilibrium (this is the point where demand is equal to supply) at point E where at P* price Q* amount was purchased and sold. Due to the ban imposed by the Indian government on exports of onions, the supply of onions in the Bangladesh market has decreased substantially. This is because Bangladesh relies on imports of onions from neighboring countries for the supply in its domestic market The decrease in supply will shift the supply curve to the left from S to S1. This will result in a new equilibrium E1 with a higher equilibrium price. As the article says that the â€Å"price of onion rose to Tk 36-45 a kilogram from Tk 32-42 The higher onion prices will reduce the quantity demanded and people with limited income or low income will have to switch to the available substitutes (goods which satisfy the same wants) like radish. Also industries like restaurants which use onions as inputs will experience an increase in the cost of produced and will be forced to increase price to keep profits constant. The Indian government’s decision to restrict exports of onions will increase the supply of onion in the Indian market. This will result in lower onion prices in India, and hence Indian consumers will benefit. On the other hand onion being a necessary commodity will have an inelastic demand (when for a certain percentage change in price, the quantity demanded will change less than proportionate.) Higher prices in onion will result in a greater expenditure of households and hence Bangladeshi consumers will be the losers. The Bangladeshi farmers and traders who have onion stocks will gain from the higher prices. The Bangladesh government may have to impose a subsidy (payment by government to producers of goods and services either to increase supply or reduced cost) or maximum prices (price imposed below equilibrium price through legislation by the government to protect the interest of consumers) in order to control the onion prices. Provision of subsidy will result in a greater government expenditure which will have an opportunity cost (the next best alternative for government) in terms of various welfare services which need to be sacrificed. Imposition of maximum prices will result in greater shortages and may increase the problem. In order to deal with this situation the government of Bangladesh may resort to import onion from other countries which have surplus. However this is only a short run solution (time period during which at least one factor of production cannot be changed) solution to deal with the immediate prices. Imports will increase supply and thereby reduced price of this commodity and benefit the Bangladeshi households. To deal with this problem in the long run (time period where all factors become variable) the Bangladeshi government should encourage greater domestic production of onion. This can be done by giving subsidy’s to onion producers or spreading awareness to popularise onion production. The government should also try and reduce onion hoarding by traders in Bangladesh market. Hoarding is an illegal activity and the government should be vigilant to stop this. The government also need to improve infrastructure facilities like irrigation, transportation and storage facilities to reduce the fluctuation in the supply of agricultural goods. The government can also build a buffer stock (a stock of essential food grain and strategic materials held by government to deal with unforced seen events) of essential food grains to reduce the fluctuations in the prices of agricultural products like onions. However all this involves a lot of government expenditure which may result in higher government borrowing and greater taxes.

Human Resource Management Essay -- Gender Roles, Human Rights Commissi

â€Å"Management and managing are characteristically gendered in many respects† (Broadbridge and Hearn 2008) In view of the above statement consider the roles of men and women at work. This essay will aim to understand whether or not management is characteristically gendered and if it is, then to ascertain what the cause for this segregation or demoralisation (if any) is. Certain factors such as biological, social and structural aspects will be analysed Since the beginning of mankind there has always been an inherent dispute regarding the disparity between men and women; women being the individuals who more often than not seem to be undermined in their abilities to be equal to their male counterparts. From an ethnographic perspective and looking at how the mass media portray the ironically termed ‘fairer’ sex it seems that women have always been viewed under a colder, more subordinate light. They seem to always be assigned the ‘passenger seat’ (Eagly and Carli, 2007 pg 18) arguing that women were (and maybe still are) treated as a passenger in the car as opposed to driving, directing and essentially controlling and leading the journey. The Suffragette movement led by Emmeline Pankhurst in 1918 led women to succeed in gaining the right to vote whereas males were only allowed to vote prior to the successful movement. To this day women are still paid on average less than men (Independent.co.uk). The main question is why? Why are women in the workplace vertically and horizontally segregated? Why are women paid less on average even when it is in direct comparison to the same job role? To come to a fair and reasonable conclusion it would be essential to look at the natural or biological differences between both genders f... .... All in all, to ameliorate and eliminate gender disparity and gender discrimination against women at work is a crucial duty for the government, employers as well as women themselves. Only if each member of the society, women and men, can benefit from its social mechanism can the public has a more functional and healthy environment to work in and live in. Work is critical to women’s survival and independence (MacKinnon, 1979). Therefore, all parties should jointly pay attention to the oppressed situation of working women and adopt relevant measures to establish an effective mechanism to eliminate gender discrimination so that women can truly enjoy equal rights to pursue life and happiness as their opposite sex. The following are some statistics to show how certain career paths are different for males and females.

Minister’s Black Veil: The Harbored Sin

Reverend Mr. Hooper approached the â€Å"meeting house† Sunday morning to preach his sermon as he did every Sunday, but on this day, he wears a veil that normally signifies mourning. The veil represents the good minister’s guilty conscience that masks a secret sin he harbors in his soul. From Hooper’s first sermon with the veil, the congregation recognizes the darkness he hides with the crape. The sermon makes â€Å"reference to secret sin, and those sad mysteries we hide from our nearest and dearest,† possibly Hooper’s. Later, the minister attends a funeral where the town’s people feel â€Å"the minister and the maiden’s spirit were wailing hand and hand. † In this scene, the inner death of the Reverend’s soul gives him a connection with the deceased. The guilt seizes the minister at the wedding he performs for the â€Å"handsomest couple in Milford. † He catches a look at himself in a mirror and â€Å"the black veil involved his own spirit in the horror with which it overwhelmed all others. † Obviously his guilt overwhelms him at this happy occasion. The sin he harbors in his soul also changes him and separates him from society. At first, Old Squire Sanders does not invite the minister to breakfast. As he continues to wear the veil, â€Å"the gentle and timid would turn aside to avoid him†¦the children fled from his approach. † Even his fiance leaves him because he cannot clear his clouded conscience. Mr. Hooper explains to Elizabeth, â€Å"I hide my face for sorrow. . . I cover it for secret sin. † That sin keeps him from happiness with Elizabeth. The reverend does connect, however, with other sinners. He uses the veil for â€Å"one desirable effect. † The veil’s â€Å"gloom, indeed, enabled him to sympathize with all dark affections. Converts felt â€Å"they had been with him behind the black veil,† signifying they share that secret sin Hooper hides. The Reverend’s â€Å"soul hath a patient weariness until that veil be lifted,† and the secret sin weighs on the minster’s soul. His soul must go to heaven in order to be saved. Unfortunately,  "on this earth† his soul suffers. While he remains human, his soul will bear the burden of sin. Not until God takes his soul can his body finally be cleansed from his impurities. Mr. Hooper wears the black veil to demonstrate to others the guilt he feel being a sinner.

Urgent Need for Renewable Energy

Introduction In today’s world the most important thing human’s need is electricity. Without electricity most of the modern equipment would not work. Similarly fuel is needed to power transportation devices. Natural recourses such as coal, oil and natural gas are the basis for producing energy for all kinds of devices. Due to the extensive use of these resources they now face extinction. These resources are classified as non-renewable resources.In this report we will discuss different types of resources which can be used as a replacement for producing sustainable energy and also the effects on the environment by burning the carbon based resources.Renewable EnergyRenewable energy is energy which is derived from natural resources such as the sun, wind, tides, streams, rivers, biomass etc. Renewable energy is naturally replenished; it is sustainable energy and does not harm the environment. About 19% of the world’s electricity requirements are met by renewably energy.The differen t types of renewable energy are: Solar EnergySolar energy is obtained from the sun. Sun is a source of light and heat for all living things. It provides energy for photosynthesis, the process of plants creating oxygen. Solar energy can be harnessed and converted to electricity by using solar panels. Sun is also directly or indirectly responsible for most forms of renewable energy requirements, for example – heat causes wind which intern causes tidal energy. Sunlight causes tree growth some of which contribute for biomass energy.HydropowerHydropower is obtained from the force of water flowing downstream. Water is continuously recycled by the environmental cycle of precipitation and evaporation. This cycle cause water to evaporate and fall back down to earth in the form of rain which makes the rivers flow. This water is also stored in dams which are used all around the world to generate electricity by turbines and generators. Also energy can be obtained from tides and ocean wav es which can be harnessed to produce electricity.Biomass EnergyThe most common source of biomass energy is wood. But other sources such as food crops, plants, agriculture and industrial waste, organic municipal components are also used around the world for producing energy. Biomass can also be converted to biofuel which can be used as an alternative to petrol and diesel to run vehicles and heavy machinery. Hydrogen Hydrogen is one of the most common on our planet. However, it is mostly found in combinations with other element in nature. For example – water is two part hydrogen and one part oxygen.Hydrogen is a very good source of renewable energy however the technology needed to extract this element is still in its early stages. Currently the most common way of extracting hydrogen is steam hydrocarbons and reforming. Other methods include thermolysis and electrolysis.Geothermal EnergyThe heat from the earth’s core produces steam and hot water which can be used generate electricity, or for other purposes like home heating and generating power in factories. Geothermal energy can be obtained by digging deep underground reservoirs.Wind EnergyWind energy is the conversion of the power of wind to electricity. Wind energy has been used for over thousands of years to operate mechanical process such as pumping water, grinding, milling etc. to harness wind energy wind farms are created onshore or offshore, wherever there is abundant of wind energy available by using wind turbines. A wind turbine is a machine which converts the wind’s kinetic energy into rotatory motion to by using generators to produce electricity. Wind energy is harnessed in many countries including India, Germany, Denmark and the United States.Reasons for Using Renewable Energy Sources: Using renewable energy saves the environment from the harmful effects of greenhouse gases released in the atmosphere due to burning of fossil fuels. There is abundant of resources available that ar e required for renewables such as the sun, water and wind e available all around the world and thus the cost of setting up the base is significantly reduced which provides a good opportunity for developing nations. Renewable energy resources do not cause military conflicts among nations unlike fossil fuels.Renewable energy sources are Inexhaustible i. e. unlike fossil fuels they get replenished quickly. Using renewable resources we can save fossil fuels for future generations for more valuable means. Harnessing renewables also creates job opportunities in new fields of science and technology. The Fossil Fuel Dilemma Burning of fossil fuels for meeting our energy requirements causes side effects which are becoming a major concern for environmentalists. These side effects include the creation of carbon dioxide, the top greenhouse gas and contributor to global warming.Also ozone layer depletion and Acid rain are a major concern relating to the environment. Due to the burning of fossil fuels and the greenhouse effect the average temperature has risen by one degree Fahrenheit (1 °F). Acid rain The principal cause of acid rain is the release of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere which then react with water molecules to produce acidic compounds. Major contributor to this is human activities such as power and electricity generation. Coal power plants are a major cause to producing these gasses.The natural phenomenon causing acid rain is the emission of acidic gases from volcanos. Ozone layer depletion The ozone layer is a layer in the earth’s atmosphere located about 20 to 30 kilometers above sea level. The ozone layer contains a high concentrate of the gas ozone (O3). The ozone layer’s importance is that it absorbs 97 – 99% of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation, which can damage all forms of life on earth. These ultraviolet rays are the main cause of sunburns and excess exposure to this can cause skin cancer. The ozone layer is st eadily declining by about 4% per decade from the earth’s stratosphere.The most significant tear in the earth’s ozone layer is over the Polar Regions namely Antarctica. This phenomenon is called the ‘Ozone Hole’. The main compound responsible for the ozone layer depletion is Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) commonly found in refrigerants used in air conditioners and refrigerators. Due to the Ozone Hole over Antarctica polar ice caps are melting which is causing the rise in sea levels, leading to natural disasters such as floods in many parts of the world. Global Warming Global warming has become in today’s world perhaps the most complicated issue faced by the world leader.Scientific bodies present warnings for the increasing danger from global warming and ongoing buildup of greenhouse gasses produced mainly by burning of fossil fuels and forests. What is Global warming? Global warming is the heating of the earth surface and increase in its average temperatur e that causes corresponding climate change and it may result from greenhouse effect. This idea was first proposed by Nobel Price-Winning chemist Svante Arrhenius in 1896. He speculated that continued burning of fossil fuels would result in the increase in the earth temperature making it warmer (Global Warming & Climate Change, 2012).What Causes of Global Warming? Scientists have examined all the factors that can affect the Earth’s temperature. Three essential factors can be responsible for recent rapid global warming. These are namely The Sun, Earth’s reflectivity and Greenhouse gases. Out of these three major factors greenhouse effect causes contributes the most to the process. 1. The Sun: As we all know sun is a huge ball of fire. All the climate changes are powered by the sun. It could have played an important role in heating up the temperature of the earth.Studies show that since 1985, the sun has changed in ways that if anything, it should have cooled the planet. Therefore sun alone does not cause global warming. 2. Earth’s reflectivity: Earth’s atmosphere traps 70% of the sun’s energy and reflects the remaining back into space. Changes in how much sunlight is absorbed and reflected may change global temperatures. Scientists have calculated how earth’s reflectivity has changed over time. These suggest that a particular type of pollution especially sulfur-containing particles have had a cooling effect masking the effects of greenhouse gases.Since the industrialization of countries, they began to clean up this pollutant and increase their greenhouse emissions. 3. Greenhouse gases: All scientific evidence point towards one factor only that is greenhouse gases. It is responsible for the rise in global temperature. Greenhouse gases are many chemical compounds found in the earth’s atmosphere. They allow sunlight into the earth’s atmosphere freely. This sunlight when reflected back towards the space by eart h in the form of infrared radiation (heat).The greenhouse gases absorb the infrared radiation and trap the heat in earth’s atmosphere. The primary greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil and natural gas as well as wood contribute mainly to the increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (How we know human activity is causing warming, 2012). Climate change Assessments generally suggest that the Earth’s climate has warmed over the past century and that human activity affecting the atmosphere is likely an important driving factor.A National Research Council study dated May 2001 stated, â€Å"Greenhouse gases are accumulating in Earth’s atmosphere as a result of human activities, causing surface air temperatures and sub-surface ocean temperatures to rise. Temperatures are, in fact, rising. The changes observed over the last several decades are likely mostl y due to human activities, but we cannot rule out that some significant part of these changes is also a reflection of natural variability. † (Greenhouse Gases, Climate Change, and Energy, 2004) International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) was founded in 2009 with the support of World Wind Energy Association and Hermann Scheer the president of EUROSOLAR and chair of the World Council for Renewable Energy. It is a worldwide governmental organization and It’s primary focus is to promote widespread use of renewable energy in all forms with a view of sustainable development. At the Preparatory Commission meeting Abu Dhabi was elected as interim headquarters of the Agency. Its main aim is to promote the use of renewable energy and reduce the emission greenhouse gases in the environment.IRENA provides advice and support to governments of both industrialized and developing countries on renewable energy policy, capacity building, and technology transfer (irena. org, 2012). Policies for renewable energies in India: Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources: India’s search for renewable resources that would lead to sustainable development started in early 70’s. Realising the need for concentrated efforts in this segment, the Indian Government established a Commission for Additional Sources of Energy (CASE) in the Department of Science and Technology in 1981.The directive of CASE is to promote research and development activities in the field of renewable energy. CASE was formally incorporated in 1982, in the recently created Department of Non-conventional Energy Sources (DNES). In 1992 DNES became the Ministry for Non-conventional Energy Sources, commonly known as MNES. The Prime Minister of India has declared a target of 10% share for Renewable Energy or 10,000 MW in the power generation capacity to be added during the period up to 2012. The broad objectives predicted in the policy are: Achiev ing the minimum energy requirements via Renewable energy. †¢Providing decentralised energy supply in agriculture, industry, commercial and household sectors in rural and urban areas. †¢Providing grid quality power. Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission: The main goal of this mission is to establish India as the global leader in solar energy. This mission was officially launched Manmohan Singh, the prime minister of India. It is a three phase mission where the 1st phase starts from 2012-2013, 2nd phase from 2013-2017 and 3rd phase from 2017-2022. http://www. nri. org/projects/biomass/conference_papers/policy_material_section_3. pdf) Policies for Renewable resources in US: Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS): It aims and requires electricity providers to provide a stated amount of customer electricity through renewable resources. Public Benefits Funds for Renewable Energy: These are a pool of resources used by the country to provide and invest renewable energy supply proje cts. These funds are generated by charging a small amount on consumer’s electricity charges which is called system benefits charge.Output based environmental regulations: It establishes emission restrictions per unit of any productive energy output, with a aim of controlling air pollution and encouraging renewable energy. Net Metering: It allows the customers whether residential or commercial who produce their own renewable energy/electricity such as solar energy to get compensation for the energy/electricity they produce. This requires electricity providers to ensure that customer’s electricity meter exactly track how much power or electricity is consumed on location/site or reverted to electricity grid.When the electricity produced on location isn’t used then it is reverted to the grid; when on location production isn’t enough to meet the customer’s need, then the customer uses electricity from the grid. So, surplus electricity is reverted back t o the customer at a later stage/time when they else would have paid for it. Financial Incentives: Such incentives are provided in some states to encourage the development of renewable resources/energy such as tax credits, grants and loans. (http://www. epa. gov/statelocalclimate/state/topics/renewable. html) Polices for Renewable resources in Australia:Renewable Energy Target: RET is divided in two portions, The large scale renewable energy target and small scale renewable energy target. These targets make a financial incentive for investment in renewable energy sources through the formation and trade of certificates. Australian Renewable Energy Agency (ARENA): ARENA is a Commonwealth authority which supports innovation that advances the renewable resources/energy technologies which would lead to the increasing supply renewable energy in Australia. (http://australia. gov. au/topics/environment-and-natural-resources/energy)Policies for Renewable resources in UAE: The Ministry of Fore ign Affairs has announced that Abu Dhabi has the target of achieving 7% renewable energy power generation capacity by the year 2020. Abu Dhabi has committed over $15 billion in renewable energy programs. Masdar City Initiative: Established in 2006, Masdar is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Abu Dhabi Government owned Mubadala Development Company. Masdar is a renewable energy company that functions within the growing sector of renewable energy and sustainable technologies, as well across the technology development and commercialization spectrum.It focuses in 100% renewable energy, developing a carbon neutral city, zero waste, and being the centre of excellence in sustainable technology. REFERENCES Ecology 2011, Fossil Fuels vs. Renewable Energy Resources, Retrieved on July 19, 2012 from http://www. ecology. com/2011/09/06/fossil-fuels-vs-renewable-energy-resources/ Global Warming & Climate Change 2012, Retrieved on July 26, 2012 from http://topics. nytimes. com/top/news/science/topic s/globalwarming/index. html Greenhouse Gases, Climate Change, and Energy 2004, Retrieved on July 25, 2012 from http://www. eia. gov/oiaf/1605/ggccebro/chapter1. htmlGreen energy choice 2012, Renewable Energy: What are My Options? , Retrieved on July 18, 2012 from http://www. greenenergychoice. com/green-guide/renewable-energy-types. html How we know human activity is causing warming 2012, retrieved on July 20, 2012 from http://www. edf. org/climate/human-activity-causes-warming jcmiras. net 2010, Why renewable energy? , Retrieved on July 18, 2012 from http://www. jcmiras. net/jcm/item/31/ Statute 2012, Retrieved on July 26, 2012 from http://www. irena. org/home/index. aspx Wikipedia 2012, Ozone depletion, Retrieved on July 20, 2012 from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Ozone_depletion

Professional Support with My Case Study Writing

Professional Support with My Case Study Writing My Case Study Writing The first years of studying, no matter whether in college or university, can turn out to be very back-breaking - not only because students should adjust to each new detail, such as a novel environment, a new campus, new teachers, and new requirements but also because they should handle a huge number of new academic writing assignments. Case studies tasks, regardless of the subject or discipline, are ones of the vivid examples. As soon as students are assigned to such writing tasks to complete, hundreds of questions can pop up: â€Å"How should I complete my case study?† â€Å"How am I supposed to write my case study to gain an A or the highest score?† â€Å"Is not it the same as research papers?† and many more other questions. 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Assignment #2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

#2 - Assignment Example Zoe was born out of an affair between Judge Payton- who owned large plantation in Louisiana, and his black slave. Zoe found herself in a society that was not tolerant towards blacks. She appreciated the fact that she was not purely a white. In fact, there are cases where she referred to herself as unholy because she had traces of a black person, especially in her eyes. When she met George and he confessed his love for her, she pointed out to the fact that the law did not allow for the marriage between the blacks and the whites. She considered herself more of a black than a white, though the father was a white. However, in the last scene of this play, Zoe did not die as many people had predicted when she said that she would commit suicide. However, she was happily united with George. By changing this scene, the author would have succeeded in demonstrating the negative effect of the racial segregation that riddled the American society. However, the author would have lost the opportunity to point out at the fact that it is possible to overcome racial segregations as is witnessed at the end of the story. The play, Shenandoah, is very interesting. According to Delmore (37), this play became very popular when it was published. It was a success for many people found relevance in the book. It was not only popular during this time because of its richness in emotion and humor, but also for the content. The play depicts the enmity that existed between North Americans and the Southerners. These two regions have been considered as brothers and had treated each other as such. However, this was not the case at this point. This volatility could even be witnessed in families. The fact that this play presents a different angle to life made it very popular. Charlie Anderson, who was widowed, would not let his son fight amongst themselves. He tries to ensure that his sons would be at peace with one another. This made the society have hopes that peace could prevail

The Power of Gender In Effective Leadership Essay

The Power of Gender In Effective Leadership - Essay Example According to Business Week women have been identified to have the â€Å"right stuff† (Sharp, 2002). We are living in a society that is now focusing more on mental power rather than physical might. This is because previously, male dominated leadership position as their masculinity was seen as a form of power. The sentiments in the articles represent the postmodern views which are contrary to previous articles on leadership which illustrated that gender has no effect on gender. The issue of gender was created in the 1970s by some feminist and has been used to show the difference between male or female. It has been recognized as a social construct of what consist of maleness and femaleness. The feminist tried to show that men and women have their unique identities and this influences the way they relate to different issues in the social construct. It was also aimed at showing the there existed biological differences between men and women and this affects the way they relate to ea ch other. According pot social scientist, gender is a construct that forms the basis of every social order. The perception of gender differs across different organizations (Duerst-Lahti, n.d: 19). There are some organizations which have set apart some position for the female gender while others are preserved for the male gender alone. The inclusion of women in the managerial positions also reflects the changes that are currently taking place in management place. There is the erosion of managerial hierarchy with the manager gaining the role of a coach unlike in previous leadership model where they were expected to exercise authority. Moreover, leaders are encouraged to empower, engage and support workers. These changes give women an advantage in... This paper stresses that The society perspective on female leadership has also changed with female leaders perceived as playing a representational role. Women perspectives on leadership roles have also changed. Research on university female students indicate that more female aspire to take up challenging jobs and powerful positions. Moreover, leadership roles have changed. While previously power in leadership was associated with masculinity, today effective leadership is based on the ability to work through the subordinate staff by inspiring them and not commanding them. The aurhor talks that current leadership model requires the leaders to communicate more with the employ and make them understand why a certain role should be performed in this way and not the other. It also requires leaders who are able to listen and understand the needs of the employees. Women are biologically wired to behave this way. This report makes a conclusion that it can be observed that the increase of the representation of female in managerial and board position is a way of empowering the female gender and giving them representational role. Moreover, it increases diversity which improves the quality of the decision making process. Having female on the board is a good thing as it has been associated with greater company performance in terms of profitability as shown in the findings. This gives a company a greater competitive edge that crucial for survival in the current highly competitive business climate.

Bond ratings Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bond ratings - Essay Example Representatives of the rating agencies have consistently stated that no precise formula is used to set a firm's rating; all the factors listed, plus others, are taken into account, but not in a mathematically precise manner. Statistical studies have borne out this contention, for researchers who have tried to predict bond ratings on the basis of quantitative data had had only limited success, indicating that the agencies use subjective judgment when establishing a firm's rating. When the bond ratings get adjusted downwards, because most bonds are purchased by institutional investors rather than individuals, and many institutions are restricted to investment-grade securities, many potential purchasers will not be allowed to buy them. As a result of their higher risk and more restricted market, when the bond ratings get adjusted downwards, the bonds have higher required rates of return as risk premium (Weston, Besley, and Brigham 707-708). 3. Whenever the gong rate of interest is equal to the coupon rate, a bond will sell at its par. Interest rates do change over time, but the coupon rate remains fixed after the bond has been issued. Whenever the going rate of interest is greater than the coupon rate, a bond's price will fall below its par value. ... 4. The yield to maturity is the average rate of return earned on a bond if it is held to maturity (Weston, Besley, and Brigham 291). To calculate the yield to maturity, the following equation could be solved (Weston, Besley, and Brigham 291). = C (PVIFAk, n) + M (PVIFk,n) Where V = Bond value C = coupon payments k = yield to maturity M = par value of the bond n = number of years before the bond matures K could be solved by using a financial calculator or by substituting values for PVIFA and PVIF until a pair that works is found so that the present value of the interest payments combined with the present value of the repayment of the face value at maturity equals the current price of the bond (Weston, Besley, and Brigham 291). Alternatively, an estimate of the yield to maturity could be calculated with the following equation (Weston, Besley, and Brigham 291). 5. The nominal yield to maturity is the contracted, or quoted, interest rate which is used to compute the interest paid per period. The effective yield to maturity is the annual rate of interest actually being earned, as opposed to the quoted rate, considering the compounding of interest. The investor should use the effective yields to maturity when deciding between corporate bonds and other securities of similar risk. This is because throughout the world economy, different compounding periods are used for different types of investments. For example, bank accounts generally compute interest on a daily basis; most bonds pay interest semiannually; and stocks generally pay dividends quarterly. If the investor is to properly compare securities with different compounding

Factors Influencing Process Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Factors Influencing Process Design - Essay Example The choice of materials is one factor that affects the process design of products. In the process of choosing the right material for products, there are a number of factors that are considered in relation to material choice (Cresswell, 2002). Quantity of products to be manufactured, market costs and product use are the factors associated with material choice. The material to be used should consider what environment and the product will be used. For example, when manufacturing cups for taking tea, the material used should be able to withstand hot or cold temperatures and washing. The quantity of products to be manufacturedrelates to the amount required to be sold to the target market. For example, a large amount of cups can be manufactured if many orders are required by the client. Moreover, marketing cost refers to the final product costs. The end costs of products should not exceed the cost that product will be sold in the market so long as it can perform the function it was manufac tured for and reflects the quality (Kalakul et al, 2014).Product purpose fitness and durabilityare other factors that influence product design. This means that the product should do the function it was designed for. For example, a cup is manufactured for the purposes of taking liquids such as tea. Other factors such as weight and size should be considered when designing products.The weight and size should be reasonable in order to perform its intended purpose. Therefore, when considering product fitness, designers should establish all the important elements of the product

Death of a Salesman Analysis | American Dream

Death of a Salesman Analysis | American Dream The American dream is a term that was first coined by James Adams in his book The Epic of America written in 1931. The American dream is a dream of a land where life is better and richer for everyone else. Where there is opportunity for each according to here ability and achievements. It its a dream of a social order where man and woman shall be able to the maximum stature that they are inherently capable of, to which they will be identified by others for what they are irrespective of the accidental circumstances brought about by birth or social position. The dream is a national ethos of America where the ideals of democracy are used as a premise for prosperity and the idea of the dream is rooted in the second sentence of the declaration of independence which states all men are created equal and they are endowed by the creator with certain alienable rights including life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. This are deemed to be the foundation of the American dream. The dream today has become the pursuit of material prosperity that has seen many people working two jobs to achieve this dream. But have less time to enjoy their prosperity. In America today the dream is represented by the a ability to buy motor cars and a home(s)- seen as status symbol that separates the middle class from the poor to which the dream is far from their grasp. Traditionally Americans have sought to achieve the dream through hard work and saving. But in the 19th and 20th centuries of industrialization has seen the philosophy being eroded by the schemes of get rich quick through a variety of seductive and elusive strategies. The major avenues to achieving the American ream today include large prized television shows, big jack pot lotteries and compensation lawsuit. Yet to some Americans they see the dream as living a simple fulfilling life that has less focus on financial gain and materialism. (b) Death of a Salesman This is a 1949 play that was written in Arthur miller. It records the life of Willy Loman the main character who is a traveling sales man and has worked at his dead end job for thirty years without success. It characterizes tragedy as the down fall of a great man- miller Loman (low man). The play won the Tony award and the Pulitzer Prize for drama the play has been seen as an attack on the American dream and it seems to criticize the notion that greatness comes from fame or personal charm. It also signifies the importance of one knowing himself as a prerequisite to success. This essay will analyze the meaning of the American dream; for each of the main characters in The Death of a Salesman. AMERICAN DREAM IN THE DEATH OF A SALESMAN. Willy Loman, Biff Loman and Happy Loman He is 60 years old and he has not achieved nor fulfilled the dreams that he had for himself or his family. They live in a small apartment in New York and his wife has seen his work go unrewarded over the years. The sales firm that he is working for does not pay him salaries any longer but pays him commission. Working on these straight commissions has rendered him not able to bring home enough money to pay the bills. For thirty for years in the firm they have used him and discarded him. This has lead to Mr. Willy taking his frustration on his family. This has seen Lucia experiencing the torment that her husband is going through. She has to silently deal with her husbands outburst and she shares with her husbands longings for success but she can not bring herself to tell him that those dreams are not possible to achieve at his age. Instead, she continuous to fan his delusions of success and greatness. The story of will loman shows what happens when the American dream fails to materiali ze and subsequently dies. The denial by Willy loman leads to suffering of himself and his family internally and externally. Willy Loman saga indicates what happens to an individual when the American dream dies. The denial on the part of the dreamer usually leads to internal and external suffering. Willy thinks about the missed opportunities that he has had in his life. Like his brother he could have gone to Africa or Alaska and come back home with riches at one time he had been offered a chance to be a partner in his brothers firm but he refused and chose the life that he has. This signifies the modern way that the American looks at the dream through savings and hard work to which Willy thought he could be successful in it. Although he ha s a vehicle and a house, Willy shifts the blame on his failure to succeed on others and himself and denies his role as to why he hasnt achieved his dream. His lack of fulfillment is as a result of his two sons Happy and Biff who are in there mid 30 s but neither seems to have put there life in order. The death of the American dream in him is seen by the way the sons are living. Happy a perennial ignored child has immersed himself in the company of women. He has a steady job but keeps promising his parents that he is going to settle down and get married bit the contrary is true. He is not going far in business and his goal seems to be that of sleeping with as many women as possible. On the other hand, Biff was a star football player in high school and won scholarships to two major universities. He failed in maths in his senior year and was not allowed to graduate. An attempt to correct the fail in summer was curtailed by his fathers in fidelity that changed his fathers view and the view of the world. He became disillusioned and traverses the country jumping from one job to the other toiling on the farms and trenches and was even jailed once for stealing a suit. He is more likeable than Happy (to mean the literal happy) but when ever he returns home for a visit, he and his father end up in a quarrel. The father wants him to make it big but bill seems incapable of taking up a white collar job. He engages in a monologue where he tells himself that he has always made a point of not wasting his life but every time he comes back home he inertly knows that he has wasted himself. (pg 23). He sees himself as failure headed the same road as his father. To him the American dream is to live a simple, quiet and fulfilling life that has less focus on financial gain and materialism not the working in a 9-5 office job that emphasizes money, car and a house. His coming home has resulted into problems being experienced. At the end of the play we see Biff finally seeing the truth and the realization that he is not a dime a dozen nor a great leader of men something that infuriates the father. His fathers death confirms to him the illusions that his father was living in, but he is no longer struggling to understand what he wan ts in life. Both brothers are in there mid thirties. The life of Willy Loman is full of past regrets and undying hopes. As he is growing older, he has trouble distinguishing between the reality and illusion. He is often lost in flashback where the story is mostly told. A clear sign that he is suffering from the Alzheimer syndrome, to which his family was late in detecting. The flash back is generally during the summer after Biffs senior year in school when all of the family problems started. He has had affairs with women where he is caught with Bill during one of his sales trips. Because he is mental sick and physically wasted, he is continuously trying to kill himself but in public he portrays himself as a prominent sales man and brags about the cities that he has visited. On page 62 we see him shouting Call out the name Willy Loman and see what happens! Big shot! yet he denies the fact that all those years he has not progressed and that everyone looks at him as a joke. When his fa mily piece up the attempted suicide they realize that its part of the failure on him to realizing his dreams-the American dream. Willy Loman is a common man (low man), and he is used by the author to show that tragedy can also befell the common person. The author has used the book to criticize the corporate world of America that is notorious for using people and discarding them when they have become useless. Willy Loman successful neighbor has continuously offered him a job which he has continuously refused and despite the fact that he has several options to choose from which can give him a new lease of life he decides to choose suicide. Willy can not let go off his old scoured dreams. At the end of the play we see is loyal wife sitting by his grave yard/side where she ca not comprehend why he took his life. Buit Willy took his life so that he can provide his family with money from the insurance corporation ($20000) which they can use to start a new life. This represents one of the ways that the American society uses to get rich quick and hence achieve the American dream- through massive pay out of the insurance compensation lawsuits. Linda and Charlie. Linda is Willys wife while Charlie is Willys neighbor who has a successful sales firm. The two are the voice of reason in the play as Linda is the arbiter of peace in the family as she is the mediator between the sons and the father. The conflict between them is their failure according to their father to find a good job, settle down (own a house and a car), and have a family. she is the protector of Willy whom she understands as tired and at the end of his rope-life which is ringing up a zero to her she views freedom as an escape from debt and the total ownership of the material and wealth that symbolizes success and stability what in today in America is used to judge ones attainment of the Americans dream. Willys obsession on the American dream has weighed heavily on her living her internally conflicted, she has managed to keep her emotional stability intact. She foresees the tragic end of her husband with clarity. Charlie has on several occasions tried to set Willy on the path to s uccess. His successful firm indicates that he has achieved the American dream. His assessment of Willys situation is logical and rational. He recognizes Willys financial failures and offers him a job although he doesnt like him much. Bernard and Uncle Ben. Bernard is Charlies good son who was a child hood friend of Biff. He was hardworking always studied and eventually became a successful lawyer. This is another clear example of the American dream being attained through hard work and maximization of an opportunity basing on ones capability those results to a better life. Will finds this success difficult to deal with. We see Bernard arguing a case at the end of the play. Uncle Ben is Willys dead brother who went to Africa and made it big in the diamonds mines of Africa. He was rich and successful that showed him to have attained the American dream. CONCLUSION The death of a sales man is an attack on the idea of the American dream, showing that it is not always successful i.e. it has a darker side. It also shows that common people also suffer from downfalls which are just as steep as those of people with high status. When people live in denial and do not realize there role in the failure of their dreams to materialize, it in most cases becomes detrimental to themselves. Death of the sales man is an antithesis of the happy endings to the fulfillment of the American dream.